{"id":4083,"date":"2026-10-08T14:32:00","date_gmt":"2026-10-08T14:32:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tgsteels.com\/cold-work-tool-steels\/tpm-4v-ultraclean\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T15:40:18","modified_gmt":"2026-10-08T15:40:18","slug":"tpm-4v-ultraclean","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.tgsteels.com\/en\/cold-work-tool-steels\/tpm-4v-ultraclean\/","title":{"rendered":"TPM 4V Ultraclean"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=”full_width_background” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” video_bg=”use_video” video_mp4=”https:\/\/www.tgsteels.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/hss-hero-1.mp4″ video_webm=”https:\/\/www.tgsteels.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/hss-hero-1.webm” video_ogv=”https:\/\/www.tgsteels.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/hss-hero-1.ogv” background_video_loading=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none” parallax_bg=”true” parallax_bg_speed=”fast” gradient_type=”default” shape_type=””][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/2″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” column_padding_type=”default” gradient_type=”default”][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”450″][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n

TPM 4V Ultraclean (X140CrVMo5-4-3)<\/span><\/h1>\n[\/vc_column_text][divider line_type=”No Line” custom_height=”50″][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/2″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” bottom_padding=”60″ text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none” gradient_type=”default” shape_type=””][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n
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PM steel for both good wear resistance and good toughness<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n
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TPM4V UltraClean tool steel obtained by powder metallurgy. It is characterized by very good toughness associated with very good wear resistance.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” bottom_padding=”60″ text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none” gradient_type=”default” shape_type=””][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n

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Applications<\/h3>\n

TPM4V UltraClean also finds numerous applications in the field of cold work tools requiring either good toughness and also good wear resistance, as fine stamping tools, as well as for punches or dies (deep drawing tools)<\/em>, powder processing tools, knives for soft materials\u2026.<\/p>\n

TPM4V UltraClean is particularly recommended for tools where adhesive wear or chipping are the main failure mechanisms such as tools used in the transformation of soft metals as aluminium, copper\u2026<\/p>\n<\/div>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n

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Main properties<\/h3>\n
    \n
  • Good toughness associated with a good wear resistance<\/li>\n
  • Very good compressive strength<\/li>\n
  • Very good stability<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Comparison with the other PM tool steels available at TG Steels, the position on the toughness vs wear resistance diagram is shown here under.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” bottom_padding=”60″ text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none” gradient_type=”default” shape_type=””][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n

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    Chemical composition (typical)<\/em><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n
    C<\/th>\nW<\/th>\nMo<\/th>\nCr<\/th>\nV<\/th>\nCo<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    1.40<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n3.,50<\/td>\n4.70<\/td>\n3.70<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
    \n

    Designation<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Werkstoff Nr<\/th>\nISO<\/th>\nChina GB<\/th>\nJIS Japan<\/th>\nUK<\/th>\nAISI USA<\/th>\nRussia Gost<\/th>\nAFNOR<\/th>\nOther \/ Special<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    –<\/td>\nX140CrVMo 5-4-3<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \"Positioning<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” bottom_padding=”60″ text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none” gradient_type=”default” shape_type=””][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n

    \n

    Structure<\/h3>\n

    The structure of the TPM4V UltraClean is fine and homogeneous without precipitation or alignments of carbides.<\/p>\n

    Due to its elaboration by powder metallurgy with Hot Isostatic Compression the typical size of the carbides is about 2 \u00b5m and the level of cleanliness is far better than conventional cold work tool steels.<\/p>\n

    Hardness at the time of delivery<\/h3>\n

    Annealed for 310 HB max.<\/p>\n

    Typical mechanical properties in hardened conditions (results from internal tests not indicated on the certificates)<\/em><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Hardness<\/th>\nCompressive yield strength MPa<\/th>\nImpact test unnotched probe J at 23\u00b0C<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    58<\/td>\n3200<\/td>\n75<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    60<\/td>\n3800<\/td>\n70<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    62<\/td>\n4000<\/td>\n65<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n
    \n

    Physical properties<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Temperature<\/th>\n20\u00b0C<\/th>\n400\u00b0C<\/th>\n600\u00b0C<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    Volumic mass kg\/m\u00b3<\/th>\n7700<\/td>\n7500<\/td>\n7350<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Young Modulus N\/mm\u00b2<\/th>\n206000<\/td>\n200000<\/td>\n180000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Thermal conductivity W\/m.K<\/th>\n28<\/td>\n30<\/td>\n31<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Coefficient of linear expansion 10-6<\/sup>\/K<\/th>\n11<\/td>\n11.5<\/td>\n12.2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” bottom_padding=”60″ text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none” gradient_type=”default” shape_type=””][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n
    \n

    Heat treatment<\/h3>\n

    Soft annealing<\/h4>\n

    Temperature: 870 – 890\u00b0C, duration 1h + 1h for 25 mm thickness. Slow cooling in the furnace (10 to 20\u00b0C\/h)<\/em>. The atmosphere in the furnace must be reducing to avoid decarburization of the steel.<\/p>\n

    Stress relieving<\/h4>\n

    After machining, it is recommended to perform stress relieving at 650\u00b0C for a minimum of 2 hours, followed by slow cooling in the furnace to 450\u00b0C.<\/p>\n

    Austenitization<\/h4>\n

    In order to avoid any risk of cracking it is recommended to preheat in 2 steps.<\/p>\n

      \n
    • 1st preheating step: temperature: 600\u00b0C time: 30 s\/mm of thickness<\/li>\n
    • 2nd preheating step: temperature: 875\u00b0C time: 30 s\/mm of thickness<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Recommended austenitizing temperature: 1010 – 1020\u00b0C. The holding time should not be too long to avoid a risk of grain coarsening and a loss of toughness. It is recommended to keep the part at the austenitizing temperature 30 minutes per inch of thickness as soon as the temperature of the surface reach the austenitization temperature.<\/p>\n

      Temperatures over 1020\u00b0C are not recommended in order to avoid big amounts of retained austenite leading to a poor stability and the risk of cracks.<\/p>\n

      Quenching medium<\/h4>\n

      Oil at 80\u00b0C, vacuum (pressure > 6 bars)<\/em>, salt bath 500 – 550\u00b0C.
      \nTo ensure good toughness, treatment with oil or salt bath is preferable.<\/p>\n

      Sub zero treatment<\/h4>\n

      For parts that need to have high dimensional stability and to increase wear resistance without reducing toughness, it is recommended to perform a subzero treatment at a temperature between -70\u00b0C and -190\u00b0C for 1 hour for 25 mm of thickness of the part.<\/p>\n

      The temperature range from -70\u00b0C up to -120\u00b0C (named cold treatment of steel)<\/em> leads to the complete transformation of austenite into martensite and as a consequence to better stability associated with improved hardness and better wear resistance and the temperature range from -135\u00b0C down to -190\u00b0C (named cryotreatment of steel)<\/em> leads also to the complete transformation of austenite and also the the precipitation of ultrafine carbides improving a lot the wear resistance without modification of the toughness. This treatment is optional for common applications.<\/p>\n

      Tempering<\/h4>\n

      To ensure a minimum residual austenite rate as well as greater tool stability, it is essential to perform a double (better triple)<\/em> tempering. Each tempering is followed by a cooling under 100\u00b0C. Depending on the use of the final part the following tempering temperatures are recommended:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n[\/vc_column_text]\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      Austenitizing temperature<\/th>\nTempering temperature<\/th>\nHardness<\/th>\nProperties<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      1010 \/ 1020\u00b0C<\/td>\n530\u00b0C<\/td>\n60 \/ 62 HRC<\/td>\nBetter wear resistance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      550\u00b0C<\/td>\n57 \/ 59 HRC<\/td>\nWear and toughness<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      560\u00b0C<\/td>\n56 \/ 58 HRC<\/td>\nBetter toughness<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n[vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n
      \n

      * Avoid tempering under 520\u00b0C and tempering over 540\u00b0C is recommended.<\/em><\/p>\n

      Each tempering time must be at least equal to 1h + 1h for 25 mm of thickness of the treated part (equivalent thermal thickness)<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n

      \n

      \"TPM<\/p>\n<\/div>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” bottom_padding=”60″ text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none” gradient_type=”default” shape_type=””][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n

      \n

      Surface treatment<\/h3>\n

      Nitriding<\/h4>\n

      TPM4V UltraClean can be nitrided at temperatures less than or equal to 20\u00b0C below tempering temperatures without risk of deterioration of the mechanical characteristics.<\/p>\n

      Ionic nitriding at a temperature of 500\u00b0C is recommended. The surface hardness after nitriding is about 1200 HV0.2kg<\/sub>.<\/p>\n

      PVD, CVD<\/h4>\n

      TPM4V UltraClean is suitable for all kind of PVD and CVD treatment as soon as the treatment temperature is 30\u00b0C lower than the last tempering temperature.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” bottom_padding=”60″ text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none” gradient_type=”default” shape_type=””][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n

      \n

      Machining<\/h3>\n

      The machining parameters below are given for information only and must be adapted according to the equipment and usual machining conditions.<\/p>\n

      Grinding in annealed conditions<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      <\/th>\nCarbide insert
      Rough machining<\/th>\n      		Carbide insert
      \u00bd Finishing<\/th>\n      		Solid tool
      Finishing<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      Cutting speed m\/min<\/th>\n120 – 140<\/td>\n160 – 190<\/td>\n60 – 70<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Feed mm\/r<\/th>\n0.35<\/td>\n0.15<\/td>\n0.05 – 0.15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Depth of cut mm<\/th>\n2 – 3<\/td>\n1 – 1.5<\/td>\n0.01 – 0.1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
      \n

      Turning in annealed conditions<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      <\/th>\nCarbide insert
      Rough turning<\/th>\n      		Carbide insert
      Finishing<\/th>\n      		HSS tool
      Turning<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      Cutting speed m\/min<\/th>\n120 – 150<\/td>\n180 – 210<\/td>\n17<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Feed mm\/r<\/th>\n0.350<\/td>\n0.15<\/td>\n0.1 – 0.2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Depth of cut mm<\/th>\n2 – 3<\/td>\n1 – 1.5<\/td>\n0.5 – 2.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
      \n

      Drilling in annealed conditions
      Carbide drill<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      <\/th>\nInsert<\/th>\nSolid<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      Cutting speed m\/min<\/th>\n150<\/td>\n90<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Feed mm\/r<\/th>\n0.10<\/td>\n0.15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
      \n

      HSS twist drill<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      Drill diameter mm<\/th>\nCutting speed m\/min<\/th>\nFeed mm\/r<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      < 5<\/td>\n13<\/td>\n0.10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      5 – 10<\/td>\n0.17<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      10 – 15<\/td>\n0.22<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      15 – 20<\/td>\n0.30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
      \n

      Fine grinding<\/h4>\n

      General indications for grinding wheels to be used on TPM4V UltraClean in the heat treated condition. Usually, rather soft vitrified aluminum oxide grinding wheels (grades G for plane grinding to K for cylindrical grinding)<\/em> are used.<\/p>\n

      Particular attention will be paid to effective cooling of the surface during grinding to prevent degradation of the material surface.<\/p>\n

      Electro-discharge machining<\/h4>\n

      TPM4V UltraClean is also suitable for EDM machining (wire or electrode)<\/em>. Preferably, the machining will be carried out with a low current density and a high frequency in order to limit the thickness of the white layer as much as possible.<\/p>\n

      Then it is necessary to carry out a stress relieving at 25\u00b0C below the last tempering in order to reduce the level of residual stresses (which could lead to a risk of cracking)<\/em> and to carry out polishing to completely remove the white layer formed during the discharge machining process.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” bottom_padding=”120″ text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none” gradient_type=”default” shape_type=””][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_column_text css=”” text_direction=”default”]\n

      \n

      Download the TPM 4V Ultraclean datasheet (PDF)<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

      More grades: Cold Work Tool Steels<\/a>. Where to buy: Service Network<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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